3.Transformational leadership

 1.Theoretical definition ：

• It means that leaders make employees realize the importance of their responsibilities and tasks through leadership charm, leadership charisma, intellectual stimulation and personalized care, so as to stimulate their needs at a higher level, so that they can maximize their own potential to achieve the highest level of performance.

2.The four dimensions of leather leadership：

• (1).Idealized influence
• (2).Inspirational motivation
• (3).Intellectual stimulation
• (4).individualized consideration

3.The strength and weaknesses

（1）Strength

• a. Research on transformational leadership comes from qualitative research on founders and ceos of large and well-known organizations, and this theory has been extensively studied from many different perspectives. 
• b. The attraction of transformational leadership is very intuitive, and members can directly feel the external and internal attraction of transformational leadership. 
• c. Transformational leadership sees leadership as a process between followers and leaders. Because this process encompasses the needs of both the follower and the leader, leadership is not the sole responsibility of the leader, but the result of the interaction between the leader and the follower. The needs of others are at the heart of a transformational leader. As a result, followers gain a more prominent position in the leadership process. 
• d. Transformational leadership theory broadens the perspective of leadership, which benefits other leadership theories as well. Previous leadership models focused more on leaders giving rewards and rewards to members in order to achieve goals. But transformational leadership not only rewards and rewards employees, but also pays attention to the needs and growth of members. 
• e. Transformational leadership places great importance on the individual needs, values and ethics of its members. Transformational leadership seeks to raise people's moral standards and sense of responsibility. These leadership behaviors include motivating members to transcend individual interests for the collective good. Transformational leadership will fundamentally improve ethics.

(2)Weaknesses

• a. Insufficient empirical research 
• b. The theoretical results come from large western enterprises, and their applicability to small enterprises and different cultural environments needs to be further studied 
• c.The four dimensions are not clearly distinguished, and there is overlap between these concepts.

4.Transformational models 

Researchers commonly measure transformational leadership using the MLQ questionnaire measurement tool. 

The world transformational leaders

(1)The Microsoft business empire created by Bill Gates has changed people's habits. Let the computer into the thousands of households become our daily life and work indispensable tools. Bill Gates always uses simple but passionate words to encourage his employees. Everyone who worked under Gates was inspired by Gates.

（2)American pastor, social activist, and leader of the black civil rights movement. 1964 Martin Luther King Jr. was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. Martin Luther King fought for the black equality movement all his life. During his struggle, his speeches inspired tens of thousands of black people to wake up their thoughts and pointed out the direction for the black people in oppression. His ideals made people trust him and follow him. In the process of his struggle, he constantly inspired more blacks to join the movement for equal rights.